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Great Minds --
The Ladies off Halsted Street
Jane Addams always knew that she wanted to help others.
When her attempts at becoming a doctor failed due to health
reasons, she was at a loss. She began traveling the world to
seek inspiration and learn about other cultures. She eventually
came upon a house in London geared toward helping its poverty-
stricken parts of town. This made her realize that she didn't
need a special degree to help others -- she just needed the
courage and motivation.
Addams returned to the U.S. and started the first woman-run
settlement house in America. She knew the best way to help
those suffering around her was to live with them and learn what
would truly change their lives for the better.
Addams became a worldwide role model and through her
work became a social and political activist, an author and lecturer,
a public intellectual, and more. She emphasized that
women have a special responsibility to help uplift their communities
through volunteerism in order to make them better
places to live. Her life-long journey to help others in need led
to her being the first American female recipient of the Nobel
Peace Prize.
Jane Addams was co-founder and head resident of
Chicago's Hull House from 1889 and continued her selfless
work until her death in 1935. Its mission was to improve lives of
the poor in Chicago neighborhoods. This led her to study and
fulfill many roles. From nurse to housekeeper, no job was too
small or large for Addams. She also worked on social reform
issues including promoting women's rights, ending child labor,
and mediating during workers' strikes.
The Hull House helped neighborhoods in a variety of ways:
it established the city's first public playground, bathhouse, and
public gym. It pursued educational and political reform, and
investigated housing, working, and sanitation issues. It created a
neighborhood kindergarten for young children whose mothers
worked in factories and an adult night school.
The Hull House also opened an art gallery to inspire and educate
Chicago's residents. Among the other projects that the members
of the Hull House created were the Immigrants' Protective
League, the Juvenile Protective Association, the first juvenile
court in the United States, and a psychiatric clinic for children.
Because of its innovative social, educational, and charitable
programs, the Hull House became a model for over 500 settlement
houses across the country. These houses were built in poor
urban areas that middle-class volunteer workers lived in an
attempt to help their low-income neighbors through education,
meals, shelter, and many more necessities.
While the original building is now a museum chronicalling
the Hull House's impact on society, Addams' need to help her
community still lives through the Jane Addams Hull House
Association, which is one of Chicago's largest non-profit
organizations.
Some claim that Addams and her work in the Hull House
deeply influenced the philosophy of social work and changed the
field into what it is today. In her book, Twenty Years at Hull
House, Addams wrote of the importance of helping others,
"social advance depends quite as much upon an increase in
moral sensibility as it does upon a sense of duty."
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